Question 1

Why do internet options vary so much by state?

Accepted Answer

Internet availability is determined by each provider's infrastructure investment, which is influenced by population density, geography, state regulations, and economic factors. Urban areas in states like California, New York, and Texas have the most competition and fastest speeds. Rural states like Montana, Wyoming, and West Virginia have fewer options due to the high cost of building infrastructure for dispersed populations. Federal programs like BEAD are investing billions to expand rural broadband.

Question 2

What is the FCC broadband standard?

Accepted Answer

The FCC currently defines broadband as 100 Mbps download and 20 Mbps upload (updated from 25/3 in 2024). This means any service below these speeds is not considered true broadband. The FCC also set a long-term goal of 1 Gbps/500 Mbps. When evaluating internet options, look for plans that at least meet the current broadband standard for a good experience.

Question 3

How is the government helping expand broadband?

Accepted Answer

The federal government is investing over $65 billion in broadband expansion through programs including the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) Program ($42.5 billion), the Affordable Connectivity Program (ended 2024), the FCC's Rural Digital Opportunity Fund, and USDA ReConnect grants. Many states also have their own broadband offices and grant programs. These investments are primarily focused on building fiber and fixed wireless networks in underserved rural and tribal communities.

Question 4

What states have the fastest average internet speeds?

Accepted Answer

States with the fastest average speeds include New Jersey, New York, Virginia, Maryland, Massachusetts, and California, driven by dense urban populations and strong fiber competition. States with the slowest averages include Wyoming, Montana, West Virginia, Alaska, and Mississippi, largely due to rural geography and limited provider competition. However, averages can be misleading - even slow-average states have fast service in their urban areas.

Question 5

Are there any states with municipal broadband?

Accepted Answer

Several states allow municipal broadband, where city-owned utilities provide internet service. Notable examples include EPB Fiber Optics in Chattanooga, TN (offering up to 25 Gbps), Longmont NextLight in Colorado, and UTOPIA Fiber in Utah. However, about 18 states have laws restricting or banning municipal broadband, often lobbied by incumbent ISPs. States like Colorado and Washington have passed laws making it easier for municipalities to offer broadband.

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